Science

Here's how Elon Musk's giant new rocket system might land people on Mars

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SpaceX/YouTube
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Tech billionaire and SpaceX founder Elon Musk wants to colonize Mars with a million people in an effort to protect humanity from certain doom.

To that end, on Tuesday afternoon during a keynote talk at the 67th International Astronautical Congress in Guadalajara, Mexico, Musk will unveil his ambitious plans to establish a human settlement on the red planet.

But before the event, which is broadcasting live on YouTube, SpaceX revealed a new video of its new Interplanetary Transport System (ITS).

Based on that clip, here's how Musk's ambitious plan to launch dozens of people at a time to the red planet might work.

First, passengers load into a giant spaceship on top of the ITS.

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SpaceX/YouTube

Musk has said on Twitter that the ITS is 12 meters (39 feet) wide and 122 meters (400 feet) tall.

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SpaceX/YouTube

Source: Twitter

The giant ITS will launch from a futuristic-looking version of NASA's Cape Canaveral, Florida, launchpad 39A — the same one used by Apollo 11 astronauts to get to the moon.

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SpaceX/YouTube

At the bottom of the rocket are 42 separate rocket engines, presumably the Raptor design Musk unveiled on September 26.

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SpaceX/YouTube

Those ignite with 28.7 million pounds of thrust — nearly four times greater than NASA's Saturn V rocket that took Apollo astronauts to the moon.

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SpaceX/YouTube

The enormous first-stage rocket booster detaches itself, deploying an unnamed spaceship to low-Earth orbit.

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SpaceX/YouTube

Meanwhile, the booster heads back to Earth...

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SpaceX/YouTube

Re-enters the Earth's atmosphere...

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SpaceX/YouTube

...And lands back at the launchpad — similar to SpaceX's recyclable Falcon 9 rocket boosters. This prevents the need to trash them in the ocean, allowing their reuse, plus saving money and time.

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SpaceX/YouTube

A propellant tanker is loaded on top of the booster and soon launches back into orbit.

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SpaceX/YouTube

Then, in orbit, the tanker refuels the spaceship.

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SpaceX/YouTube

The tanker heads back to Earth for a future launch...

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SpaceX/YouTube

...While the spaceship continues on to Mars.

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SpaceX/YouTube

Once fueled up, the spaceship deploys fan-like blades of solar panels, which provide 200,000 watts of power.

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SpaceX/YouTube

The finned spaceship begins making its way to Mars at a clip of 62,600 mph, setting up a multi-month journey to the red planet.

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SpaceX/YouTube

Once the giant spaceship arrives, it begins its descent to Mars.

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SpaceX/YouTube

The spaceship partly slows down while plowing through the red planet's atmosphere, generating 3,000 degrees of heat.

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SpaceX/YouTube

It then fires retro-rocket boosters...

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SpaceX/YouTube

...Makes a soft landing...

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SpaceX/YouTube

...And lets its passengers walk onto the new territory of Mars.

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SpaceX/YouTube

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Dave Mosher reported news and features stories about science and technology for Insider, with human and robotic spaceflight as the primary focus of his multimedia storytelling. Mosher joined Insider in April 2015 as a deputy editor to help launch Tech Insider and manage its science desk. He left the company in February 2021. Prior to being an Insider, Mosher directed Popular Science's website, was a Wired contributor, and worked for or with Scientific American, Popular Mechanics, Discover, Space.com, National Geographic NewsDiscovery Channel, Nature, Science, and other media outlets.