It looks like Sam Altman and Elon Musk are headed for a courtroom showdown.
During a hearing on Wednesday, a California judge said she plans to reject Altman's lawyers' last-ditch efforts to end Musk's case against OpenAI and its CEO.
"This case is going to trial," US District Judge Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers said at a hearing to consider whether the evidence was sufficient to warrant a jury trial.
"I think there's plenty of evidence," she said, referring to Musk's case. "It's circumstantial, but that's how these things work."
In his lawsuit filed in 2024, Musk accused OpenAI of misleading him in its decision to abandon its original nonprofit mission and structure in favor of a profit-oriented model, including through its partnership with Microsoft.
Musk says he donated $38 million to the maker of ChatGPT over the years to support its mission to develop AI for the benefit of humankind. The Tesla CEO is seeking monetary damages, as well as a judgment to void Microsoft's licensing agreement with OpenAI.
At a hearing on Wednesday, an Oakland federal court judge said she felt there was enough evidence that Musk may have been deceived to allow the case to move forward to a jury. A trial is scheduled for March.
"There were assurances made, and promises made, that the structure would be maintained," she said. "There was lots of information that was not shared."
The judge added that she also felt "there are strong arguments by the defense."
"I think the jury is going to get to decide," she said.
OpenAI lawyers have denied Musk's allegations, saying Musk was aware of the company's for-profit plans as early as 2018. OpenAI has also pointed out that it is still controlled by OpenAI's nonprofit arm.
"Mr Musk's lawsuit continues to be baseless and a part of his ongoing pattern of harassment, and we look forward to demonstrating this at trial," a spokesperson for OpenAI told Business Insider. "We remain focused on empowering the OpenAI Foundation, which is already one of the best resourced nonprofits ever."
Steven Molo, a trial attorney for Musk, told Business Insider: "We're grateful for the court's decision. We look forward to presenting all the evidence of the defendants' wrongdoing to the jury."
Musk has filed multiple lawsuits against OpenAI. Most recently, his AI company, xAI, sued OpenAI in September, accusing it of stealing trade secrets and targeting its employees for recruitment. At the time, an OpenAI spokesperson told Business that the lawsuit is "the latest chapter in Mr. Musk's ongoing harassment."
Musk helped found OpenAI in 2015, but left the company in 2018. At the time he said his work with OpenAI could present a conflict of interest with Tesla's AI ambitions.
Since, Musk has repeatedly criticized Altman and OpenAI, including the company's structure. Musk later went on to launch his own AI company, xAI, in 2023.
Update: January 7, 2026 — This story was updated with a statement from Musk's attorney.
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